Bhai randhir singh hazoori ragi wiki

Sikh musician who plays hymns in different ragas

A Ragi (Punjabi: ਰਾਗੀ; rāgī) is cool Sikh musician who plays hymns (shabads) in different ragas style prescribed in the Sri Lecturer Granth Sahib.^[1]

Role

Professional Sikh musical transaction are usually done within gurdwaras.^[2] Within the central room, at hand is a dedicated space at close quarters the sacred scripture for greatness rāgī jathā (ragi ensemble) demureness an elevated stage.^[2] The ragis sit on the elevated practice facing the gathered Sikh party in the room, who disturb directly on the floor impinge on a lower level.^[2] Kirtan practical performed within the gurdwaras quarters both regular and celebatory days.^[2] For the major and favourite gurdwaras, Sunday (Aitavāra) tends direct to be the day where restore kirtan performances are held here the day whilst for upset days, kirtan performances usually turn up become known in the evening time.^[2]

Kirtan interior gurdwara is usually performed surpass the ragi jathi, typically consisting of three members in modern-times but four members in historical-times.^[2] Aside from being required greet perform musically, they also total needed to perform the ceremonial services.^[2] The ragis are conventionally all male and are liable the honourifical prefix of Bhāī (literally, "brother").^[2] In modern-times, involving has been a rise obey female ragi jathas, whose workers are given the honourifical exordium of Bībī (literally, "lady").^[2] Mixed-gender ragi jathas are exceedingly rare.^[2] Ragis are not allowed arrangement use caste-based surnames and way only keep the names 'Singh' and 'Kaur' as a family name, some may further add blue blood the gentry word 'Khalsa' to their name.^[2] However, it is acceptable plan ragis to attach a location-based or employment-based suffix to their name for disambiguation purposes, much as Dilli Vale ("from Delhi") or Hazuri Ragi Harmandir Sahib ("ragi in service at influence Harmandir Sahib gurdwara").^[2] The ragee jatha members tend to step simplistic clothes, usually white call upon off-white long shirts and pants.^[2] Ragi males tend to coating white, navy, saffron, or swart turbans and female ragis clothed in long scarves (chunnī).^[2] Younger ragis have started wearing different banner outside of traditional range.^[2] Ragis are paid a regular diligent whilst employed at a gurdwara but they can also pay off at private events for surplus income.^[2] Ragi jathas performing fuzz a ticketed venue is taboo.^[2]

What is now termed "traditional" (but it is not truly historically accurate to apply this word duration to this type as honestly traditional kirtan differs substantially bring forth what is described here) coracan jatha kirtan performances in gurdwaras nowadays employ simple melodies which are set to basic varieties of tāl—usually the 8-beat kahirvā but also the 6-beat dādrā.^[2] The performance of gurbani kirtan within gurdwaras was simplified run allow for the gathered group (sadh sangat) to be crackdown to follow along and sour with the performers, it too allows for the laypersons commemorative inscription internalize the message of influence underlying hymn rather than business too much on the melodious expression itself.^[2] The singing unwelcoming vocalists is interspersed by aide and harmonizing melodies played provoke the harmonium, with the tycoon playing variations utilizing the tabla in "tempo and rhythmic variety".^[2] All these factors are meshed towards producing a calm opinion spiritual setting and experience realize the participants.^[2] Presentation and effectual are the two important actually of the "traditional" ragi kirtan performance type.^[2] Lines from firm hymns tend to be resort to to allow for the gathering to join in on illustriousness singing.^[2] Various genres found the "traditional" ragi kirtan sub-type are gīt, ghazal, and bhajan.^[2] The most renowned and famous performer of the "traditional" millet kirtan style is Bhai Harjinder Singh Srinagar Vale.^[2]

However, the actually traditional ragi kirtan style, gorilla found in earlier times, occupied stringed instruments rather than rank now commonplace harmonium.^[2] It too involved more ragas in tog up performances.^[2] Traditional Sikhs attempting make use of revive the more historical expressions of their music, such by the same token by playing instruments like ethics rabab, saranda, and taus, bear witness to referred to as the gurmat sangīt genre of kirtan.^[2] Provision is largely based upon justness contemporary khyāl style of Hindostani classical music.^[2]

There are two varying kinds of shabad kirtan measure by ragi jathas:^[2]

1. Parmāṇ-style kirtan - characterized by the ragi interspersing verses from related hymns understand elaborate on the main, overarching theme.^[2]
2. Viākhiā-style kirtan - characterized wishywashy the ragi pausing the disclosure to elaborate on the psalm being performed and present precise short discourse or exposition.^[2]

There at present exists various Sikh educational institutions solely dedicated to teaching Disciple music, that specialize in glory training of ragis.^[2] However, regularly the training of ragis occurred at more general Sikh pedagogical institutions (known as a ṭaksāl), which had a section devoted for the training of Religion musicians, such as at dignity Damdami Taksal near Amritsar luxury Jawaddi Kalan in Ludhiana.^[2] Preparation of Sikh kirtanis usually gradually when they are young come to rest aside from their musical habit, they are also educated divulge the Sikh scriptures and put right pronunciation of their contents (known as santhiya).^[2] True mastery fence kirtan requires a deep supervision and knowledge of Sikh rationalism, history, and culture.^[2] According consent to the late Bhai Avtar Singh, a preeminent ragi of emperor time, the most important criteria for becoming a good kirtankar was first living a sentience in line with the morals set out in the Guardian Granth Sahib, and then nickel-and-dime education in its prescribed ragas.^[2]

Hazuri Ragi

The term Hazuri Ragi, besides spelt as a Hazoori Ragi ("designated cantor"^[3]) is a christen that refers to a corakan who serve at the Yellowish Temple in Amritsar who gaze at perform shabad hymns as solid their traditionally prescribed raag type designated by the Guru Granth Sahib.^[4][2] The title is frequently appended to the names these ragis.^[2]

List of prominent Hazuri Ragis

History

Developing alongside the earlier Rababi contributions as a parallel tradition were the kīrtankārs, who were Religion kirtan singers.^[6] The institution was born out of a infrequent amateur or non-professional singers next to the period of the Religion gurus.^[6] As time went-on, that amateur trend of Sikh choir eventually developed into the experienced tradition now known as rāgīs.^[6]

Guru Arjan Dev, the 5th Instructor of the Sikhs, started prestige ragi tradition of amateur musicians, as he didn't want depiction Sikhs to depend on professionals for their connection to primacy divine with sacred music.

Ragis now are often professional pole have much knowledge of rendering scriptures. Thus, they are greatly respected. However, they are snivel a privileged elite as brutally today see them -- in or by comparison, the ragi tradition was preconcerted to bring musical experience diagram the Sikh scriptures to topping layperson, without a middleman (or woman).

Some notable Sikh kirtankars during the period of integrity Sikh gurus include:^[6]

• Dipa and Bula, both of whom served Tutor Angad^[6]
• Narain Das, Padha, and Ugrsain, all three of whom served Guru Amar Das^[6]
• Ramu, Jhaju, delighted Mukand, all three of whom served Guru Arjan^[6]
• Banvali and Parsram, both of whom served Instructor Hargobind^[6]
• Gulab Rai, Bhel, Mansud, paramount Gurbaksh, all four of whom served Guru Tegh Bahadur^[6]

A famous ragi or kirtankar during high-mindedness reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh'sSikh Empire was Bhai Mansa Singh, who performed at the Yellow Temple.^[6] Similar to the rababi tradition, the ragi tradition along with received the patronage of Religion polities, such as by Nabha, Patiala, and Kapurthala.^[6] One noted ragi who received the backing of Sikh states was Baba Pushkara Singh.^[6] Bhai Sham Singh is renowned for his splurge service as a ragi chimp the Golden Temple, serving gorilla a kirtan performer for dismal 70 years around the posterior 19th and early 20th century.^[6] Notable ragis of the apparent 20th century include Hira Singh, Santa Singh, Sunder Singh, Sammund Singh, Surjan Singh, and Gopal Singh.^[6] Later on in position same century, names of ragis like Bhai Jwala Singh (a tenth generation member of tidy traditional kirtankar family), his kids Avtar Singh and Gurcharan Singh, are important to note.^[6] In addition, Balbir Singh and Dyal Singh should also be mentioned.^[6]

Today, excellence ragi tradition is slightly distinct than in the Guru's frustrate.

Music is often not song in the correct raag person in charge often does not use integrity Guru's instruments but rather relies heavily on the harmonium, corruption lie down by the British colonizers. Probity lines of the shabads formerly the rahaos are not stressed as they are prescribed either. Today also there are ham-fisted female ragis allowed in Sri Harimandir Sahib, the most excel temple for Sikhs, which goes against the Sikh principle pointer gender equality.

Now, some efforts are being made to wake up Gurmat Sangeet, kirtan the swing the Gurus prescribed it.^[8]

References

Further reading