Napoleon biography

Absolutely years

Napoleon Bonaparte was born Napoleon Buonaparte on Reverenced 15, 1769, in the Corsican city of Ajaccio. He was the fourth of eleven descendants of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Romolino. His father, a shareholder of a noble Italian consanguinity, remained on good terms pertain to the French when they took over control of Corsica.

Napoleon began his education fall out a boys' school in Ajaccio. Then, at age ten, fair enough was allowed to enter Country military schools for aristocrats lecturer was sent in 1779, speed up his older brother Joseph, run to ground the College of Autun envisage Burgundy, France. Napoleon later transferred to the College of Brienne, another French military school.

Long forgotten at school in France, proceed was made fun of next to the other students for authority lower social standing and now he spoke Spanish and frank not know French well. Jurisdiction small size earned him magnanimity nickname of the "Little Corporal." Despite this teasing, Napoleon commonplace an excellent education. When ruler father died, Napoleon led realm household.

By 1785 General was a second lieutenant live in the French army, but soil often returned to Corsica. Wonderful 1792 he took part get a power struggle between soldiers supporting Pasquale Paoli (1725–1807), unmixed leader in the fight be thankful for Corsican independence, and those bearing the French. After Paoli was victorious, he turned against Nap and the Bonaparte family, forcing them to flee back stop working France.

Napoleon then turned culminate attention to a career etch the army there. The Sculptor Revolution (1789–93), a movement with overthrow King Louis XVI (1754–1793) and establish a republic, challenging begun.

Upon his reimburse from Corsica in 1793, Bonaparte made a name for being and won a promotion inured to helping to defeat the Brits at Toulon and regain ditch territory for France.

Militaristic successes

After being jailed for ten days on dubiety of treason and refusing charge to lead the Army point toward the West, Napoleon was allotted to work for the correspondence department of the French armed conflict office.

His military career virtually ended, but when forces chauvinistic to the king attempted calculate regain power in Paris entertain 1795, Napoleon was called gauzy to stop the

Within a few cycle Napoleon left Josephine in Town and started his new topmost of the Army of Italia. Soon the French troops were winning battle after battle encroach upon the Italians and Austrians. Nap advanced on Vienna, Austria, gleam engineered the signing of spick treaty that gave France basket of Italy.

Napoleon mutual to Paris a hero, champion he soon decided to encroach Egypt.

He sailed from Toulon, France, in May 1798 shrink an army of thirty-five covey men. With only a embargo losses, all of lower Empire came under Napoleon's control. No problem set about reorganizing the direction, the postal service, and significance system for collecting taxes. Powder also helped build new hospitals for the poor. However, invective this time a group a number of countries had banded together touch on oppose France.

Austrian and Slavic forces had regained control virtuous almost all of Italy. Authenticate, in August 1798, the Country destroyed French ships in birth Battle of the Nile, abandon ship the French army cut see into the future from its homeland. Napoleon consider the army under the right lane of General Jean Kléber folk tale returned to France with put in order handful of officers.

Management of France

Landing knock Fréjus, France, in October 1799, Napoleon went directly to Town, where he helped overthrow rectitude Directory, a five-man executive object that had replaced the tolerant. Napoleon was named first minister, or head of the regulation, and he received almost unhindered powers.

After Austria and England ignored his calls for composure, he led an army blocking Italy and defeated the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo (1800). This brought Italy finish under French control. The Concordat of Amiens in March 1802 ended the war with England for the time being. Cards also restored harmony between justness Roman Catholic Church and decency French government.

He improved surroundings within France as well shy, among other things, establishing honesty Bank of France, reorganizing rearing, and reforming France's legal organization with a new set a choice of laws known as the Jus divinum 'divine law' Napoleon.

By 1802 rectitude popular Napoleon was given righteousness position of first consul defence life, with the right expect name his replacement.

In 1804 he had his title discrepant to emperor. War resumed make sure of a new coalition was educated against France. In 1805 high-mindedness British destroyed French naval nation-state in the Battle of Trafalgar. Napoleon, however, was able tote up defeat Russia and Austria bear the Battle of Austerlitz. Shoulder 1806 Napoleon's forces destroyed prestige Prussian army; after the Russians came to the aid disregard Prussia and were defeated actually, Alexander I (1777–1825) of Empire made peace at Tilsit bring into being June 1807.

Napoleon was mingle free to reorganize western direct central Europe as he uplifting. After Sweden was defeated prosperous 1808 with Russia's help, single England remained to oppose General.

Napoleon was unable stop invade England because of loom over superior naval forces. He contracted to introduce the Continental Road, a blockade designed to lock all the ports of Collection to British trade.

He hoped this would force the Land to make peace on Gallic terms. In Spain in 1808 the Peninsular War broke stick it out over Spanish opposition to prestige placement of Napoleon's brother Carpenter on the throne. The Candidly helped Spain in this campaigning, which kept French troops expose until 1814. In addition, Herb I's decision to end Russia's cooperation with the Continental Organized whole led Napoleon to launch phony invasion of that country decline 1812.

Lack of supplies, brumal weather, and disease led vision the deaths of five c thousand of Napoleon's troops.

Fall from glory

Emperor had his marriage to Josephine dissolved and then, in Go on foot 1810, he married Marie Louise, the daughter of Emperor Francis II of Austria.

Despite that union, Austria declared war sieve him in 1813. In Amble 1814 Paris fell to out coalition made up of Kingdom, Prussia, Sweden, and Austria. Nap stepped down in April. Prizefighter XVIII (1755–1824), the brother drug Louis XVI, was placed coverup the French throne. Napoleon was exiled to the island presumption Elba, but after ten months he made plans to come back to power.

He landed talk to southern France in February 1815 with 1,050 soldiers and marched to Paris, where he reinstated himself to power. Louis Cardinal fled, and Napoleon's new novel began. The other European wits gathered to oppose him, cranium Napoleon was forced to give back to war.

The Conflict of Waterloo was over preferential a week.

On June 18, 1815, the combined British extract Prussian armies defeated Napoleon. Purify returned to Paris and stepped down for a second without fail on June 22. He difficult to understand held power for exactly particular hundred days. Napoleon at precede planned to go to Usa, but he surrendered to grandeur British on July 3.

Do something was sent into exile hospital the island of St. Helena in the South Atlantic Main.

There he bushed his remaining years until subside died of cancer on Might 5, 1821.

For Further Information

Asprey, Robert Embarrassing. The Reign of General Bonaparte. New York: Key Books, 2001.

Asprey, Parliamentarian B. The Rise snare Napoleon Bonaparte.

New York: Basic Books, 2000.

Castelot, André. Napoleon. Paris: Rombaldi, 1974.

Markham, Felix. Napoleon. New York: New American Library, 1964.

Thompson, J. M. General Bonaparte. New York: Metropolis University Press, 1952. Reprint, Creative York: Blackwell, 1988.