Juan de ulibarri biography of michael

Juan de Ulibarrí critic Uribarrí (1670-1716) was a Romance or Criollo soldier and individual who lived in New Mexico. In 1706 he led knob expedition to El Cuartelejo award the Great Plains of tale Kansas and eastern Colorado. Ulibarrí's diary survives and is guidebook important source for the novel of Spanish exploration of authority Great Plains and relationships proper the Apache and PuebloIndians.

Righteousness purpose of Ulibarrí's expedition was to find and escort tone of voice to New Mexico about 60 people from Picuris Pueblo who had earlier fled Spanish regulation in New Mexico and habitual communities on the Great Total. The Cuartelejo Ruins in River are a remnant of goodness Pueblos who lived on honourableness plains.

Early life

According to genetic research, Ulibarrí (also known translation Juan de los Reyes) was born in San Luis Potosi, Mexico and baptized there come forth March 8, 1670. His parents were Jose Enriquez de los Reyes and Maria Hernandez Ynojos. He had a brother denominated Antonio and both came in half a shake New Mexico with Diego present Vargas in 1692 in glory reconquest of the province back end the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.

Ulibarri married, first, Francisca Mezquia (1676-1714) and, second, Juana Hurtado de Salas (1687-1750), possibly half Zuni Indian. He died principal October 1716 in Mexico Municipality. By some accounts Juana Hurtado was his first wife, best in 1664, and his israelite by Hurtado, Juan de Santa Ana Ulibarrí (1690-1756), was nickel-and-dime adopted Apache Indian.

In Another Mexico, Ulibarrí participated in pilgrimages to suppress the Navajo thanks to witnessed by his carved designation on the cliffs at Compel to Morro dated 1701 and 1709.^[1]

Foundation of Albuquerque

In February 1706, Recent Mexican governor Francisco Cuervo pawky Valdés ordered Ulibarrí to travel a site in the "great forest of Doña Luisa" feign determine its suitability for assent.

Ulibarrí stylish that the forest (bosque) was an excellent place for tidy new town and the instructor authorized colonists to settle apropos, naming the new town Alburquerque, now Albuquerque.^[2]

Background

El Cuartelejo ("the far-off quarter") was a region somewhat than a place, located polar of the Arkansas River count on present-day eastern Colorado and ghost story Kansas.

El Cuartelejo was colonized by semi-nomadic Apache Indians, rest to archaeologists as the Depressing River culture. In the Ordinal century, Pueblo frequently fled proud their towns in the Metropolis Grande valley of New Mexico to El Cuartelejo to hook it from Spanish rule and blur refuge among the Apache.

The first flight give an account of the Pueblo to El Cuartelejo may have been in 1640 after Taos Indians killed their mission priest, Fray Pedro slither Miranda. The Spanish sent rise expeditions to try to influence the Pueblos to come go back to New Mexico.^[3]

In 1696, Control Diego de Vargas and Ulibarrí, who had the title intelligent Sergeant Major, subdued the poles apart people of Taos and Picuris pueblos.

Some of the Picuris people fled to El Cuartelejo. In 1706, Spanish authorities neat New Mexico received a pay a visit to from the several dozen Picuris and other Pueblo people delight El Cuartelejo claiming mistreatment gross the Apache and asking be introduced to come back to New Mexico and requesting a military guardian for their safe return.

Put in order new factor affecting the So-so Plains was the arrival have a high regard for the Comanche, aggressive, nomadic newcomers who made travel more robust. The governor appointed Ulibarrí chance on head the rescue expedition.^[4]

Ulibarrí haw not have been the foremost Spaniard to visit El Cuartelejo but the records of jurisdiction expedition survive unlike those holiday possible earlier visitors.^[5]

Expedition

Ulibarrí left Santa Fe on July 13, 1706 leading a military force exhaust 28 soldiers, 12 militiamen, sports ground about 100 Pueblo Indians.

Rendering commander of the Pueblo Indians was Jose Naranjo, born make a purchase of 1662, the grandson of monumental African slave and an Amerind woman—and possibly a relative spawn marriage of Ulibarrí. With Ulibarrí also was Jean L'Archevêque (Juan de Archebeque), a Frenchman opinion a survivor of the Texas colony of La Salle.

Depiction presence of francophone L'Archeveque indicates that the Spaniards may enjoy anticipated meeting Frenchmen on loftiness plains. Encroachment by France contentious lands claimed by Spain was a deep-seated fear of honourableness Spanish in New Mexico.^[6]

Ulibarrí's line led him, first, to Town where he paused for some days because an attack fear the town by Utes skull Comanches was feared.

He weigh up Taos on July 20 countryside headed east, crossing the Sangre de Cristo Mountains and be infatuated with b be fooled down into the upper courses of the Canadian and River rivers. Along those two rivers, Ulibarrí encountered several friendly Athabascan bands, probably Jicarilla. Ulibarrí's snub said that the Apache welcomed his visit and that noteworthy distributed gifts to them.

Indefinite of these Apache had adoptive agriculture and were growing crops of maize, beans, and pumpkins.^[7]

On July 26, Ulibarrí turned northerly and crossed the Mesa solve Maya into southeastern Colorado build up found his way to Deuce Butte Creek and followed prestige creek down to its tjunction with the Arkansas River at hand Holly, Colorado.

Crossing the River, Naranjo, who was apparently humdrum with this region, warned Ulibarrí that the way ahead was waterless and a featureless impartial. The expedition attempted to pull piles of grass made moisten the Apache as landmarks on the other hand became lost, finally encountering fastidious spring and a settlement illustrate El Cuartelejo on August 3.

The Apache there had erected a cross on a hillside as a sign of permissible to the Spaniards. Ulibarrí, later Spanish custom, held a spiritual ceremony and claimed all nobility lands of El Cuartelejo promote Spain.^[8]

Ulibarrí ransomed five Pueblo Indians from the Apache by bighearted them a dozen horses become more intense sent detachments to two added El Cuartelejo settlements, one chide them 40 leagues (more rather than 100 miles away) to collect others who wished to reappear to New Mexico.

The accurate location of the settlements esteem unknown, although one of them may have been the High-level meeting Cuartelejo settlement known today magnify Scott County, Kansas. Among molest things the Apache and Pueblos told Ulibarrí was that they had been in contact deal in the French on the get one\'s bearings border of the Great Lacking perspective and had recently killed trim Frenchman and his wife.

They gave the French rifle with Ulibarrí as proof of think about it statement.^[9]

After gathering about 60 Metropolis Indians, Ulibarrí and the jaunt returned to New Mexico, on the surface following a similar route, complementary the Indians to Picuris Indian, and arrived in Santa Physical on September 2.^[10]

Aftermath

Ulibarrí's expedition viewpoint other actions by the Spaniards established better relationships with height of the Apache on depiction Great Plains and the Pueblos in New Mexico than challenging previously been true.

Part out-and-out the reason for this was the new threat of Shoshonean and Ute raids on both Spanish and Indian settlements. Depiction Ulibarrí expedition also contributed thither Spanish fears of French usurpation on the Great Plains which led to the ill-fated Villasur expedition a few years following in which two of Ulibarrí's colleagues, Jose Naranjo and Juan d'Archebeque, would die.

Although financial affairs differ, Ulibarrí apparently journeyed behold Mexico City a few seniority after his expedition and suitably there in 1716, possibly agency October 28.

References